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22/6/14
Saludos a mis seguidores y amigos
Hola a todas y a todos, como sin duda habréis notado, tras la finalización de mi programa de ayuda para las oposiciones no he vuelto a poner nada en mi blog. Quiero explicaros por qué. No es que haya renunciado a seguir en contacto con todos vosotros, seguidores y amigos. Es porque he abierto un compás de espera hasta que me digáis cómo ha ido la cosa.Sé cómo os debéis sentir en estos momentos, porque yo también me he visto en situaciones semejantes, con más o menos fortuna. En estos momentos toda vuestra atención se centra en conocer los resultados, las notas. Es totalmente lógico y os aseguro que yo también comparto vuestra inquietud. Así que antes de reanudar mis posts, necesito recibir noticias vuestras concretas y, luego..., ya veremos. Un fuerte abrazo.
17/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': We'll Meet Again (Vera Lynn)
Comparto hoy con vosotros We'll Meet Again, cantada por Vera Lynn, que hoy debe de tener cerca de cien años. Ésta fue la canción por excelencia de las tropas aliadas en la 2ª Guerra Mundial, pero podría perfectamente aplicarse a cualquier otra guerra, pues es un homenaje a los héroes que van al frente a combatir por su patria y un deseo de que vuelvan sanos y salvos. A mí me encanta la música y la letra de esta canción y viene a mi memoria cuando me despido de algún buen amigo o amiga que se va fuera de España y que no sé si volveré a ver en esta vida: We'll meet again, don't know where, don't know when, but I know we'll meet again some sunny day.....
En otro orden de cosas, opino que We´ll meet again es un canto de despedida al partir, pero también de esperanza en volver, por lo que me parece apropiado para poner punto final a mi programa preparing for the 'oposiciones'. Mi mensaje para mis seguidores que se presentan como candidatos a las oposiciones a profesor de enseñanza secundaria que empiezan dentro de pocos días es el siguiente: Conseguir o no plaza depende de muchos factores, que no están todos en vuestras manos, pero seguir adelante después, con renovada ilusión, dependerá siempre de vosotros mismos.
Por ahora os diré cómo se le dice en Inglaterra a los actores el día del estreno: break a leg!
Nota. Hay muchas explicaciones sobre el origen de esta expresión, siendo la más simple que en el mundillo del teatro existe la superstición de que desear buena suerte, trae mala suerte.
En España, se suele decir ¡mucha mierda! (del francés 'merde!, porque también en Francia, en el mundo del teatro se usaba antiguamente esta expresión para desear buena suerte a los actores, según parece porque cuantos más señores de alta alcurnia asistieran al teatro en lujosos carruajes tirados por muchos caballos, más excrementos de estos animales quedaban esparcidos por el suelo en la entrada del teatro, lo que venía a significar que más posibilidades había de que estos grandes señores lanzaran monedas al escenario si les gustaba la obra). Según algunas versiones, esta curiosa explicación está relacionada también con break a leg!, por la posibilidad que había de que un actor se rompiera una pierna, en su intento por recoger tantas monedas. Naturalmente, nada de esto es científico, sino simple folclore, pero no cabe duda de que, como yo suelo decir a menudo, parodiando a Doolittle, Eliza's father, in My Fair Lady musical, a little bit of luck es siempre necesario en la vida.
Bueno, aquí tenéis la letra de la canción, que puede servir de despedida para mi programa de preparación para las oposiciones, pero en ningún caso (espero) de mis queridos seguidores y amigos:
LYRICS
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
Keep smilin' thru
Just like you
Always do
'Til the blue skies drive
The dark clouds
Far away
So will you please say hello
to the folks that I know
Tell'em I won't be long
They'll be happy to know
That when you saw me go
I was singing this song
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
Keep smilin' thru
Just like you always do
'Til the blue skies
Drive the dark clouds
Far away
So will you please say hello
To the folks that I know
Tell'em I won't be long
They'll be happy to know
That when you saw me go
I was singing this song
[with choir]
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
Keep smilin' thru
Just like you
Always do
'Til the blue skies drive
The dark clouds
Far away
So will you please say hello
to the folks that I know
Tell'em I won't be long
They'll be happy to know
That when you saw me go
I was singing this song
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
Keep smilin' thru
Just like you always do
'Til the blue skies
Drive the dark clouds
Far away
So will you please say hello
To the folks that I know
Tell'em I won't be long
They'll be happy to know
That when you saw me go
I was singing this song
[with choir]
We'll meet again
Don't know where
Don't know when
But I know
We'll meet again
Some sunny day
(This video has been downloaded from YouTube for educational purposes exclusively).
16/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': key word transformation (advanced level)
Here's the final test, 'the acid test'. If you do this sentence transformation exercise correctly, it will mean that you are ready for the great day:
1.- He decided that he'd ask to be transferred to another department. (put)
1.- He decided .............. a request for a transfer to another department.
2.- He thought it unfair that his team resented him for not scoring a goal. (hold)
2.- He thought it unfair that his team should ............for not scoring a goal.
3.- Being rude is inexcusable. (excuse)
3.- ..........................rude.
4.- How can I make him understand that I don't want to see him anymore. (across)
4.- How can I .................that I don't want to see him anymore,
5.- I don't care what you do. (concerned)
5.- ....................you can do what you like.
6.- It was a mistake not to write her address down. (point)
6.- I should ...................her address down.
7.- Can you possibly leave the flat empty before the end of the month. (appreciate)
7.- I ................ leave the flat empty before the end of the month.
8.- He'd been struggling in vain to think of a really original present for her daughter. (come)
8.- No matter how he tried , he couldn't ......... an idea for a really original present for her daughter.
9.- Because it snowed heavily during the night, the motorway is closed. (due)
9.- The motorway is closed ..................... that it had snowed heavily the night before.
10.- Although he was an excellent painter, none of his works was ever exhibited during his lifetime. (as)
10.- ...................................................... , none of his works was ever exhibited during his lifetime.
KEY
1.- to put in; 2.- hold it against him; 3.- There's no excuse for being; 4.- get (it) across to him; 5.- As far as I'm concerned; 6.- have made a point of writing; 7.- would appreciate it if you could; 8.- come up with; 9.- due to the fact; 10.- Excellent painter as he was
1.- He decided that he'd ask to be transferred to another department. (put)
1.- He decided .............. a request for a transfer to another department.
2.- He thought it unfair that his team resented him for not scoring a goal. (hold)
2.- He thought it unfair that his team should ............for not scoring a goal.
3.- Being rude is inexcusable. (excuse)
3.- ..........................rude.
4.- How can I make him understand that I don't want to see him anymore. (across)
4.- How can I .................that I don't want to see him anymore,
5.- I don't care what you do. (concerned)
5.- ....................you can do what you like.
6.- It was a mistake not to write her address down. (point)
6.- I should ...................her address down.
7.- Can you possibly leave the flat empty before the end of the month. (appreciate)
7.- I ................ leave the flat empty before the end of the month.
8.- He'd been struggling in vain to think of a really original present for her daughter. (come)
8.- No matter how he tried , he couldn't ......... an idea for a really original present for her daughter.
9.- Because it snowed heavily during the night, the motorway is closed. (due)
9.- The motorway is closed ..................... that it had snowed heavily the night before.
10.- Although he was an excellent painter, none of his works was ever exhibited during his lifetime. (as)
10.- ...................................................... , none of his works was ever exhibited during his lifetime.
KEY
1.- to put in; 2.- hold it against him; 3.- There's no excuse for being; 4.- get (it) across to him; 5.- As far as I'm concerned; 6.- have made a point of writing; 7.- would appreciate it if you could; 8.- come up with; 9.- due to the fact; 10.- Excellent painter as he was
15/6/14
word study: bang
Realizamos hoy un estudio semántico de la palabra bang, tomando como base la entrada en el Diccionario Pedagógico Bilingüe online (en construcción):
bang /b{N/ 1 n [C] (a) portazo: shut the door with a bang cerrar la puerta dando/de un portazo. (b) estallido, estrépito (ruido fuerte). (c) golpe/porrazo (en una parte del cuerpo): a bang on the head un golpe en la cabeza. (d) (en pl) bangs (IAm) flequillo (IBr fringe). || get a bang out of sth (IAm) (col) disfrutar con algo; go (off) with a bang (IBr)/ go over with a bang (IAm) ser todo un éxito; the big bang (tamb the Big Bang) el Big Bang (la gran explosión; teoría del origen del universo); with a bang de golpe: his divorce brought him back to reality with a bang su divorcio le hizo volver a la realidad de golpe. 2 adv (col) justo: he arrived bang on time llegó justo a tiempo; bang opposite the church justo enfrente de la iglesia. || bang goes sth algo se va al garete; bang on! ¡exacto!; go bang (col) estallar (esp petardo). 3 interj (a) ¡zas! (golpe). (b) ¡pum!, ¡bang! (disparo).
bang /b{N/ 1 n [C] (a) portazo: shut the door with a bang cerrar la puerta dando/de un portazo. (b) estallido, estrépito (ruido fuerte). (c) golpe/porrazo (en una parte del cuerpo): a bang on the head un golpe en la cabeza. (d) (en pl) bangs (IAm) flequillo (IBr fringe). || get a bang out of sth (IAm) (col) disfrutar con algo; go (off) with a bang (IBr)/ go over with a bang (IAm) ser todo un éxito; the big bang (tamb the Big Bang) el Big Bang (la gran explosión; teoría del origen del universo); with a bang de golpe: his divorce brought him back to reality with a bang su divorcio le hizo volver a la realidad de golpe. 2 adv (col) justo: he arrived bang on time llegó justo a tiempo; bang opposite the church justo enfrente de la iglesia. || bang goes sth algo se va al garete; bang on! ¡exacto!; go bang (col) estallar (esp petardo). 3 interj (a) ¡zas! (golpe). (b) ¡pum!, ¡bang! (disparo).
bang /b{N/
v (a) tr/intr dar golpes,
golpear(se): bang on the door
golpear/aporrear la puerta; bang one’s
fist on the table golpear la mesa con el puño, dar puñetazos en la mesa; he fell and banged his head on the pavement
se cayó y se golpeó la cabeza contra la acera. (b) tr/intr dar
portazos/golpes (puerta/ventana): there is a door banging upstairs hay
una puerta dando portazos arriba. (c)
tr (tabú) follar. || bang a door
(shut) cerrar una puerta dando/de un portazo; bang one’s head against a brick wall (col) darse con la cabeza contra un muro/la pared, hacer
esfuerzos/esforzarse en vano: talking to him is like banging your head
against a brick wall hablar con él es como darse con la cabeza contra
un muro.
VERBOS FRASALES
bang about/around · moverse de un lado
para otro haciendo mucho ruido: I can
hear the children banging about upstairs oigo a los niños moviéndose de un
lado para otro haciendo mucho ruido en el piso de arriba.
bang away · (a) bang away (at sth) aporrear (piano, máquina de escribir,
etc): he’s been banging away at the
piano the whole day lleva todo el día aporreando el piano. (b) (tabú) follar sin parar: the
newlyweds have been banging away the whole night los recién casados han
estado follando toda la noche sin parar.
bang into · bang into sb tropezarse/toparse con alguien: I banged into him at the market this morning me topé con él en el
mercado esta mañana.
bang
on · bang on (about sth) (IBr) (col) enrollarse (sobre algo): he
bangs on about politics se enrolla sobre política.
bang out · bang sth out (col) (a) escribir algo rápidamente (aporreando el teclado): he banged out an e-mail for his mother escribió
rápidamente un e-mail para su madre. (b)
tocar malamente una melodía (aporreando
el piano): He likes that tune. There he is banging it out again le gusta esa
melodía. Ahí está aporreando el piano,
tocándola otra vez.
bang up · (col) (a) bang sb up (IBr) enchironar, meter a alguien en la cárcel: it’s not the first time they bang him up no es la primera vez que
lo enchironan. (b) bang sth up (IAm) dañar/estropear algo: his knee’s banged up su rodilla está
dañada.
Word study
- dictionary entry/lemma/headword: bang
- phonetic transcription in the International Phonetic Alphabet:
/b{N/
- parts of speech: noun; verb, adverb; interjection
- grammar codes: as a noun: countable; as a verb: transitive/intransitive
- phrasal verb combinations: bang about/around; bang away; bang into; bang on; bang out; bang up
-senses:
- (as a noun):
(a) portazo: shut the door with a bang cerrar la puerta dando/de un portazo.
(b) estallido, estrépito (ruido fuerte).
(c) golpe/porrazo (en una parte del cuerpo): a bang on the head un golpe en la cabeza.
(d) (en pl) bangs (IAm) flequillo (IBr fringe).
- (as a verb)
(a) tr/intr dar golpes, golpear(se): bang on the door golpear/aporrear la puerta; bang one’s fist on the table golpear la mesa con el puño, dar puñetazos en la mesa; he fell and banged his head on the pavement se cayó y se golpeó la cabeza contra la acera.
(b) tr/intr dar portazos/golpes (puerta/ventana): there is a door banging upstairs hay una puerta dando portazos arriba.
(c) tr (tabú) follar.
- (as an adverb)
(col) justo: he arrived bang on time llegó justo a tiempo; bang opposite the church justo enfrente de la iglesia.
- (as an interjection)
(a) ¡zas! (golpe).
(b) ¡pum!, ¡bang! (disparo).
- (as a phrasal verb)
/b{N/
- parts of speech: noun; verb, adverb; interjection
- grammar codes: as a noun: countable; as a verb: transitive/intransitive
- phrasal verb combinations: bang about/around; bang away; bang into; bang on; bang out; bang up
-senses:
- (as a noun):
(a) portazo: shut the door with a bang cerrar la puerta dando/de un portazo.
(b) estallido, estrépito (ruido fuerte).
(c) golpe/porrazo (en una parte del cuerpo): a bang on the head un golpe en la cabeza.
(d) (en pl) bangs (IAm) flequillo (IBr fringe).
- (as a verb)
(a) tr/intr dar golpes, golpear(se): bang on the door golpear/aporrear la puerta; bang one’s fist on the table golpear la mesa con el puño, dar puñetazos en la mesa; he fell and banged his head on the pavement se cayó y se golpeó la cabeza contra la acera.
(b) tr/intr dar portazos/golpes (puerta/ventana): there is a door banging upstairs hay una puerta dando portazos arriba.
(c) tr (tabú) follar.
- (as an adverb)
(col) justo: he arrived bang on time llegó justo a tiempo; bang opposite the church justo enfrente de la iglesia.
- (as an interjection)
(a) ¡zas! (golpe).
(b) ¡pum!, ¡bang! (disparo).
- (as a phrasal verb)
bang about/around · moverse de un lado para otro haciendo mucho ruido: I can hear the children banging about upstairs oigo a los niños moviéndose de un lado para otro haciendo mucho ruido en el piso de arriba.
bang away · (a) bang away (at sth) aporrear (piano, máquina de escribir, etc): he’s been banging away at the piano the whole day lleva todo el día aporreando el piano. (b) (tabú) follar sin parar: the newlyweds have been banging away the whole night los recién casados han estado follando toda la noche sin parar.
bang into · bang into sb tropezarse/toparse con alguien: I banged into him at the market this morning me topé con él en el mercado esta mañana.
bang on · bang on (about sth) (IBr) (col) enrollarse (sobre algo): he bangs on about politics se enrolla sobre política.
bang out · bang sth out (col) (a) escribir algo rápidamente (aporreando el teclado): he banged out an e-mail for his mother escribió rápidamente un e-mail para su madre. (b) tocar malamente una melodía (aporreando el piano): He likes that tune. There he is banging it out again le gusta esa melodía. Ahí está aporreando el piano, tocándola otra vez.
bang up · (col) (a) bang sb up (IBr) enchironar, meter a alguien en la cárcel: it’s not the first time they bang him up no es la primera vez que lo enchironan. (b) bang sth up (IAm) dañar/estropear algo: his knee’s banged up su rodilla está dañada.
- expressions and idioms
get a bang out of sth (IAm) (col) disfrutar con algo;
go (off) with a bang (IBr)/ go over with a bang (IAm) ser todo un éxito;
the big bang (tamb the Big Bang) el Big Bang (la gran explosión; teoría del origen del
universo);
with a bang de golpe: his divorce brought him back to reality with a bang su divorcio le hizo volver a la realidad de golpe.
bang a door (shut) cerrar una puerta dando/de un portazo;
bang one’s head against a brick wall (col) darse con la cabeza contra un muro/la pared, hacer esfuerzos/esforzarse en vano: talking to him is like banging your head against a brick wall hablar con él es como darse con la cabeza contra un muro.
14/6/14
word study: account
Con objeto de tocar el máximo posible de puntos que pueden entrar en el 'práctico' de las oposiciones, hoy y mañana os invito a realizar con mi ayuda un análisis semántico de un par de palabras: account y bang.
Para este 'word study', tomo como base las entradas correspondientes a estas palabras en el Diccionario Pedagógico Bilingüe online (en construcción). Primero os doy la entrada en cuestión y, a continuación, os hago sugerencias de cómo llevar a cabo este análisis, bien entendido que ése no es el único análisis posible y que cada uno de vosotros puede hacerlo a su manera; se puede por ejemplo tomar como base un diccionario monolingüe, en cuyo caso habrá definiciones en lugar de equivalentes y las acepciones, por ejemplo, pueden ir agrupadas por significados relacionados, los llamados signposts. Empezamos por account:
Para este 'word study', tomo como base las entradas correspondientes a estas palabras en el Diccionario Pedagógico Bilingüe online (en construcción). Primero os doy la entrada en cuestión y, a continuación, os hago sugerencias de cómo llevar a cabo este análisis, bien entendido que ése no es el único análisis posible y que cada uno de vosotros puede hacerlo a su manera; se puede por ejemplo tomar como base un diccionario monolingüe, en cuyo caso habrá definiciones en lugar de equivalentes y las acepciones, por ejemplo, pueden ir agrupadas por significados relacionados, los llamados signposts. Empezamos por account:
account /@"kaUnt/ n [C] (a)
cuenta (bancaria). (b) cuenta (con compañía/tienda). (c) informe
(escrito u oral), descripción,
resumen. (d) (en pl) accounts contabilidad:
the accounts department/office el
departamento de contabilidad, contaduría.
(e) (inform) cuenta (de acceso a
un sistema). || account book libro
de contabilidad; an Internet/e-mail
account (inform) una cuenta en
Internet/de correo electrónico; bring/call
sb to account pedir cuentas a alguien; budget
account cuenta presupuestaria; by
all accounts a decir de todos; charge
account cuenta de crédito; charge
sth to sb’s account cargar algo a la cuenta de alguien; current account (IBr) cuenta corriente (IAm checking account); deposit account cuenta de ahorros a plazo
fijo; do/keep the accounts llevar las cuentas/la contabilidad; give sb an account of sth informar a
alguien de/sobre algo; of some/little/no
account de alguna/poca importancia, sin importancia; on account a cuenta; on
account of por, a causa de; on no
account/not on any account de ninguna manera; on sb’s account por (culpa de) alguien: don’t change the date on my
account no cambies la fecha
por mí; on this/that account por
esto/eso (referido a algo dicho
anteriormente); put/turn sth to good
account hacer buen uso de/dar buen uso a algo; savings account cuenta de ahorros; settle/square the accounts saldar las cuentas; take sth into account/take account of sth
tener algo en cuenta.
account /@"kaUnt/ vtr (usado gen en pasiva) considerar: he was
accounted a genius se le consideraba un genio.
account
for v frasal (a) explicar: this accounts
for it esto lo explica. (b)
responder de, dar cuenta de: you will
have to account for your actions tendrás que responder de tus actos. (c) representar, constituir: exports account for 30% of
the total las exportaciones representan un 30% del total. (d) contar con/tener en cuenta algo: I didn’t account for falling ill on my
birthday no contaba con ponerme malo el día de mi cumpleaños. || there is no accounting for taste sobre
gustos no hay nada escrito.
Word study
- dictionary entry/lemma/headword: account
- phonetic transcription in the International Phonetic Alphabet: /@"kaUnt/
- parts of speech: noun; verb
- grammar codes: as a noun: countable; as a verb: transitive
- phrasal verb combinations: to account for
-senses:
(as a noun):
a) cuenta (bancaria).
(b) cuenta (con compañía/tienda).
(c) informe (escrito u oral), descripción, resumen.
(d) (en pl) accounts contabilidad: the accounts department/office el departamento de contabilidad, contaduría.
(e) (inform) cuenta (de acceso a un sistema).
(as a verb:
considerar: he was accounted a genius se le consideraba un genio.
account for:
(a) explicar: this accounts for it esto lo explica.
(b) responder de, dar cuenta de: you will have to account for your actions tendrás que responder de tus actos.
(c) representar, constituir: exports account for 30% of the total las exportaciones representan un 30% del total.
(d) contar con/tener en cuenta algo: I didn’t account for falling ill on my birthday no contaba con ponerme malo el día de mi cumpleaños.
- collocations:
account book libro de contabilidad;
an Internet/e-mail account (inform) una cuenta en Internet/de correo electrónico;
budget account cuenta presupuestaria;
charge account cuenta de crédito;
current account (IBr) cuenta corriente (IAm checking account);
deposit account cuenta de ahorros a plazo fijo;
savings account cuenta de ahorro
- expressions and idioms:
bring/call sb to account pedir cuentas a alguien;
by all accounts a decir de todos;
charge sth to sb’s account cargar algo a la cuenta de alguien;
do/keep the accounts llevar las cuentas/la contabilidad;
give sb an account of sth informar a alguien de/sobre algo;
of some/little/no account de alguna/poca importancia, sin importancia;
on account a cuenta;
on account of por, a causa de;
on no account/not on any account de ninguna manera;
on sb’s account por (culpa de) alguien: don’t change the date on my account no cambies la fecha por mí;
on this/that account por esto/eso (referido a algo dicho anteriormente);
put/turn sth to good account hacer buen uso de/dar buen uso a algo;
settle/square the accounts saldar las cuentas;
take sth into account/take account of sth tener algo en cuenta;
there's no accounting for taste - sobre gustos no hay nada escrito
- derived words:
Word study
- dictionary entry/lemma/headword: account
- phonetic transcription in the International Phonetic Alphabet: /@"kaUnt/
- parts of speech: noun; verb
- grammar codes: as a noun: countable; as a verb: transitive
- phrasal verb combinations: to account for
-senses:
(as a noun):
a) cuenta (bancaria).
(b) cuenta (con compañía/tienda).
(c) informe (escrito u oral), descripción, resumen.
(d) (en pl) accounts contabilidad: the accounts department/office el departamento de contabilidad, contaduría.
(e) (inform) cuenta (de acceso a un sistema).
(as a verb:
considerar: he was accounted a genius se le consideraba un genio.
account for:
(a) explicar: this accounts for it esto lo explica.
(b) responder de, dar cuenta de: you will have to account for your actions tendrás que responder de tus actos.
(c) representar, constituir: exports account for 30% of the total las exportaciones representan un 30% del total.
(d) contar con/tener en cuenta algo: I didn’t account for falling ill on my birthday no contaba con ponerme malo el día de mi cumpleaños.
- collocations:
account book libro de contabilidad;
an Internet/e-mail account (inform) una cuenta en Internet/de correo electrónico;
budget account cuenta presupuestaria;
charge account cuenta de crédito;
current account (IBr) cuenta corriente (IAm checking account);
deposit account cuenta de ahorros a plazo fijo;
savings account cuenta de ahorro
- expressions and idioms:
bring/call sb to account pedir cuentas a alguien;
by all accounts a decir de todos;
charge sth to sb’s account cargar algo a la cuenta de alguien;
do/keep the accounts llevar las cuentas/la contabilidad;
give sb an account of sth informar a alguien de/sobre algo;
of some/little/no account de alguna/poca importancia, sin importancia;
on account a cuenta;
on account of por, a causa de;
on no account/not on any account de ninguna manera;
on sb’s account por (culpa de) alguien: don’t change the date on my account no cambies la fecha por mí;
on this/that account por esto/eso (referido a algo dicho anteriormente);
put/turn sth to good account hacer buen uso de/dar buen uso a algo;
settle/square the accounts saldar las cuentas;
take sth into account/take account of sth tener algo en cuenta;
there's no accounting for taste - sobre gustos no hay nada escrito
- derived words:
accountability - responsabilidad
accountable - responsable
accountancy - (esp
IBr) contabilidad
accountant - contable
accounting - contabilidad
unaccountable - (a) sorprendente, extraño,-a,
inexplicable. (b) no
responsable
unaccountably -inexplicablemente,
sorprendentemente.
unaccounted - be/remain unaccounted for (a) faltar (dinero, objeto). (b) no
encontrarse, estar desaparecido,-a (persona):
c) no explicado,-a, sin explicarse (hecho).
13/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': word formation exercise
Fill in the gaps with a
word derived from the one given in brackets:
1. It isn't very ........ that Paula is at home, is it? She usually works at this time. (like)
2. Megan was told by her dietician
that she was becoming ........ thin and should eat more. (danger)
3. ........ is the spice of life, says the proverb
and everyone should try and do new things and meet new people to avoid becoming
bored. (vary)
4. Harry had a difficult ..... and was brought up by an
aunt and uncle living in the country. (child)
5. The whole dispute began after a
small ....... over the
money needed to finance the new company. (agree)
6. The introduction of insecticides
in the 20th Century ........ agriculture across the world. (revolution)
7. All the coastal towns in this
area are ........ by strong tradition of dance and there
is a festival of dance that takes place every August. (character)
8. My company has spent a lot of
money building a new, ........ factory which will nearly double
production. (computer)
KEY
1.-
likely; 2.- dangerously, 3.- variety, 4.- childhood; 5.- disagreement; 6.-
revolutionised/revolutionized; 7.- characterised/characterized; 8.-
computerised/computerized.
From www.esl-lounge.com, where you will find
many other word formation exercises.
Paréntesis de humor: Chiste de Sir Francis
Sir Francis me encarga que os desee a los opositores mucha suerte de su parte y que os cuente uno de sus chistes para que conservéis en todo momento vuestro sentido del humor:
Una
madre está bañando juntos en la bañera, a su hijita y a su hijito (Jaimito). La
niña, señalando el 'willie' del hermano, dice: «Mum,
I want one of those» («mami, quiero uno de ésos») «If you're good, when you grow up, you'll have one», («si eres buena, cuando seas mayor tendrás uno») le contesta la
madre, y Little Johnny Jones agrega: «and if you're bad, you'll have plenty» («y si eres mala, tendrás
muchos»).
12/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': phrasal verbs exercise: come/go.
Fill in the gaps with a come or go phrasal verb:
1.- He knocked himself out as he fell and it took him ten minutes .........
2.- He took the meat out of the fridge and pulled a face. It had obviously ..........
3.- The gymnast tried a triple somersault, but it didn't ........
4.- When the bomb ...... all the windows were shattered.
5.- Father promised to buy me a bike, but he's ............ his word.
6.- What it all ......... is that you don't care about anybody but you.
KEY
1.- to come round (IBr)/around (IAm)/to; 2.- gone off; 3.- come off; 4.- went off; 5.- gone back on; 6.- comes down to.
1.- He knocked himself out as he fell and it took him ten minutes .........
2.- He took the meat out of the fridge and pulled a face. It had obviously ..........
3.- The gymnast tried a triple somersault, but it didn't ........
4.- When the bomb ...... all the windows were shattered.
5.- Father promised to buy me a bike, but he's ............ his word.
6.- What it all ......... is that you don't care about anybody but you.
KEY
1.- to come round (IBr)/around (IAm)/to; 2.- gone off; 3.- come off; 4.- went off; 5.- gone back on; 6.- comes down to.
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': phrasal verbs exercise: bring/break.
Fill in the blanks with a bring or break phrasal verb:
1.- She's ............... spots. I think it must be chickenpox.
2.- Last night's heavy gales........several large trees.
3.- The fall of the government was ........by a scandal involving a cabinet minister.
4.- Have you got any change? I don't want ....... a twenty-pound note.
5.- These are the statistics of Liverpool population ..............by age and sex.
6.- It's best not to ...........that subject while his mother is here.
KEY
1.- broken out in; 2.- brought down; 3.- brought about; 4.- break into; 5.- broken down; 6.- bring up.
1.- She's ............... spots. I think it must be chickenpox.
2.- Last night's heavy gales........several large trees.
3.- The fall of the government was ........by a scandal involving a cabinet minister.
4.- Have you got any change? I don't want ....... a twenty-pound note.
5.- These are the statistics of Liverpool population ..............by age and sex.
6.- It's best not to ...........that subject while his mother is here.
KEY
1.- broken out in; 2.- brought down; 3.- brought about; 4.- break into; 5.- broken down; 6.- bring up.
11/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': familiar Spanish idioms (2nd part)
Today, some more Spanish idioms of a familiar style, difficult to translate into English. Dare you translate them?:
1.- Andando/arreando/marchando, etc. que es gerundio!
2.- Arrieros/arrieritos somos (y en el camino nos encontraremos).
3.- Aguantar carros y carretas/carretas y carretones (regional)
4.- Como Pedro por su casa.
5.- Estar con algo como Mateo con la guitarra/estar como niño con zapatos nuevos.
6.- Como el gallo de Morón, sin plumas y cacareando.
SUGGESTED ANSWERS
1.- Get a move on!; come on, chop-chop!
2.- I'll get back at you (for what you've done to me), just you wait!
3.- To take it lying down; to put up with anything.
4.- As if he owned the place.
5.- To be like a kid with a new toy; to be like a dog with two tails.
6.- Beaten/thrashed, but still proud/crowing.
1.- Andando/arreando/marchando, etc. que es gerundio!
2.- Arrieros/arrieritos somos (y en el camino nos encontraremos).
3.- Aguantar carros y carretas/carretas y carretones (regional)
4.- Como Pedro por su casa.
5.- Estar con algo como Mateo con la guitarra/estar como niño con zapatos nuevos.
6.- Como el gallo de Morón, sin plumas y cacareando.
SUGGESTED ANSWERS
1.- Get a move on!; come on, chop-chop!
2.- I'll get back at you (for what you've done to me), just you wait!
3.- To take it lying down; to put up with anything.
4.- As if he owned the place.
5.- To be like a kid with a new toy; to be like a dog with two tails.
6.- Beaten/thrashed, but still proud/crowing.
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': familiar Spanish idioms (1st part)
Now, for the 'home stretch', we'll pay special attention to idioms, phrasal verbs and grammar transformation.
To begin with, here are some Spanish idioms of a very colloquial or familiar character, which are not always easy to find in general dictionaries. Dare you find some English equivalents?:
1.- A quien Dios se la dé, San Pedro se la bendiga.
2.- A la vejez, viruelas.
3.- Darle un baño a alguien/mojarle la oreja.
4.- Ahumársele a alguien el pescado.
5.- A toro pasado.
6.- Tocarle a alguien bailar con la más fea.
SUGGESTED ANSWERS
1.- Each one to his own, it's none of my business.
2.- Fancy that happening at his age; there's no fool like an old fool.
3.- To wipe the floor with sb.; to take sb. to the cleaner's.
4.- To get all steamed up.
5.- With the benefit of hindsight; wise after the event.
6.- To get the short end of the stick; to draw the short straw.
To begin with, here are some Spanish idioms of a very colloquial or familiar character, which are not always easy to find in general dictionaries. Dare you find some English equivalents?:
1.- A quien Dios se la dé, San Pedro se la bendiga.
2.- A la vejez, viruelas.
3.- Darle un baño a alguien/mojarle la oreja.
4.- Ahumársele a alguien el pescado.
5.- A toro pasado.
6.- Tocarle a alguien bailar con la más fea.
SUGGESTED ANSWERS
1.- Each one to his own, it's none of my business.
2.- Fancy that happening at his age; there's no fool like an old fool.
3.- To wipe the floor with sb.; to take sb. to the cleaner's.
4.- To get all steamed up.
5.- With the benefit of hindsight; wise after the event.
6.- To get the short end of the stick; to draw the short straw.
10/6/14
A touch of humour: Little Johnny Jones joke.
In the English literature class, the teacher asks this question: "What was the name of Shakespeare's wife?"
No pupil seems to know the answer. Suddenly, Little Johnny Jones puts up his hand and says: "I know, Sir: It was Mrs Shakespeare."
Note: Shakespeare' wife's name was Anne Hathaway.
Adapted from Grammar and Humour, Learn English with a Smile, by José Merino, Anglo-Didáctica, p. 11.
No pupil seems to know the answer. Suddenly, Little Johnny Jones puts up his hand and says: "I know, Sir: It was Mrs Shakespeare."
Note: Shakespeare' wife's name was Anne Hathaway.
Adapted from Grammar and Humour, Learn English with a Smile, by José Merino, Anglo-Didáctica, p. 11.
9/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': inversion of subject (exercise)
Let's review the cases of 'inversion of subject' inversion-del-sujeto and do a new exercise:
Rewrite the following sentences using subject inversion:
1.- The doctor had no sooner arrived than she began to feel better.
2.- You had hardly left the party when your boyfriend came in with Laura .
3.- The chairman had scarcely finished his report when the secretary raised his first objection.
4.- The defence counsel pleaded in vain for clemency.
5.- London seldom suffers from fog, in spite of what foreigners think.
6.- Children should not be left alone in the house under any circumstances.
7.- This couldn't have happened anywhere else in the world except in the U.S.A.
8.- In the field of human conflict, so much has never been owed by so many to so few.
KEY
1.- No sooner had the doctor arrived than she began to feel better.
2.- Hardly had you left the party when your boyfriend came in with Laura.
3.- Scarcely had the chairman finished his report when the secretary raised his first objection.
4.- In vain did the defence counsel plead for clemency.
5.- Seldom does London suffer from fog, in spite of what foreigners think.
6.- Under no circumstances should the children be left alone in the house.
7.- Nowhere else in the world could this have happened except in the U.S.A.
8.- Never in the field of human conflict, has so much been owed by so many to so few.
Rewrite the following sentences using subject inversion:
1.- The doctor had no sooner arrived than she began to feel better.
2.- You had hardly left the party when your boyfriend came in with Laura .
3.- The chairman had scarcely finished his report when the secretary raised his first objection.
4.- The defence counsel pleaded in vain for clemency.
5.- London seldom suffers from fog, in spite of what foreigners think.
6.- Children should not be left alone in the house under any circumstances.
7.- This couldn't have happened anywhere else in the world except in the U.S.A.
8.- In the field of human conflict, so much has never been owed by so many to so few.
KEY
1.- No sooner had the doctor arrived than she began to feel better.
2.- Hardly had you left the party when your boyfriend came in with Laura.
3.- Scarcely had the chairman finished his report when the secretary raised his first objection.
4.- In vain did the defence counsel plead for clemency.
5.- Seldom does London suffer from fog, in spite of what foreigners think.
6.- Under no circumstances should the children be left alone in the house.
7.- Nowhere else in the world could this have happened except in the U.S.A.
8.- Never in the field of human conflict, has so much been owed by so many to so few.
8/6/14
preparing for the 'oposiciones': pronunciation of i/y, ir/yr
Pronunciación de las grafías i/y
Nota: Nos referimos a la y vocálica; la y consonántica se pronuncia siempre /j/: year /jI@/, yield /ji:ld/, etc.
GRAFÍAS i/y
/aI/ : Bible, file, strife, blind, sign, sigh, dry, type, island, spider, etc.
/I/ : big, ill, mill, trip, lift, give, sin, grist, oxygen, rhythm, etc.
/i/ : any, easy, happy, body, pretty, taxi, etc.
/i:/: magazine, submarine, antique, intrigue, machine, etc.
/@/ : raisin, pencil, cousin, devil, medicine, etc.
/-/ : business, medicine, etc.
GRAFÍAS ir/yr
/3:/ : bird, birth, circus, dirt, third, virtue, myrtle, etc.
/I@/ : emir, fakir, souvenir, etc.
/@/ : elixir
EJERCICIO
Clasifica las siguientes palabras, según se pronuncien las grafías i/y, ir/yr:
strip, stripe, birch, simple, delight, unique, fakir, wind (dar cuerda), triple, tyrant, myrrh, stir, ski, sky, army, flint, bind, live (en directo), cousin, ordinary, morphine, mercy, alibi, khaki, evil, anvil, anybody, benign, souvenir, symbol, squirm, martyr, limb, marine
CLAVE
/aI/ : stripe, delight, wind (dar cuerda), tyrant, sky, bind, live (en directo), alibi, benign
/I/ : strip, simple, triple, flint, symbol, limb,
/i/ : ski, army, mercy, khaki, anybody
/i:/: unique, morphine, marine
/3:/ : birch, myrrh, stir, squirm
/I@/ : fakir, souvenir
/@/ : cousin, evil, martyr, anvil (tamb. /I/)
/-/ : ordinary
Para la pronunciación de otras grafías, ver mi Manual de Pronunciación Inglesa Comparada con la Española, 5ª ed-, ed. Comares, pp. 213-241.
7/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': polysemous phrasal verbs
It is quite frequent for a phrasal verb to have several meanings according to the context. Thus, for example, in a good dictionary, you will probably find about 12 meanings for to go off, and more than 15 for to pick up. We can call these verbs 'polysemous phrasal verbs'.
EXERCISE
Test yourself on polysemous phrasal verbs. Find the wrong meaning for each of the following:
EXERCISE
Test yourself on polysemous phrasal verbs. Find the wrong meaning for each of the following:
1.- to pick sb/sth up
a.- to contract an illness; b.- to
collect sb/sth; c.- to arrest sb; d.- to detect (a mistake); e.- to buy (sth
cheap, a bargain); f.- to learn (a language); g.- to enter the priesthood; h.- to improve (situation).
2.- to go off
a.- to leave; b.- to divorce; c.- to
explode; d.- to ring (alarm clock); e.- to turn sour (milk); f.- to stop liking something or somebody;
g.- to happen; h.- to fall asleep.
3.- to knock off
a.- to make fun of somebody; b.- to stop
work; c.- to reduce (from a price); d.- to improvise (a song, verses, an
article); e.- to arrest; f.- to obtain; g.- to murder; h.- to steal something.
4.- to come in
a.- to arrive (train, bus, plane, ship); b.- to finish a race (in a specified position); c.- to
become fashionable; d.- to rise (tide); e.- to get into a car; f.- to win an election and begin governing a country; g.- to be received (call, information, money); h.- to become involved (in a plan, deal, enterprise).
5.- to turn out
a.- to confuse or distract someone from the matter in hand; b.- to produce, to
manufacture; c.- to admit openly one’s homosexuality; d.- to empty (one’s
pockets); e.- to clean thoroughly (one’s room); f.- to be present (at a
meeting); g.- to happen in a particular way; h.- to expel someone from a place.
6.-
to put down
a.- to place sth on the table; b.- to make a note of sth; c.- to kill an animal because it is too old or sick; d.- to suppress (a rebellion); e.- to humiliate; f.- to kneel; g.- to put a baby to bed; h.- to pay a specified sum as a deposit.
KEY
1-g; 2-b; 3-a; 4-e; 5-c; 6-f
6/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': here/there/where compound adverbs
The adverbs here, there and where
combine with various prepositions to form complex adverbs, very formal in
style, and often used therefore in legal documents, official papers, etc. Some
of the most important are:
hitherto hasta ahora, hasta aquí/este momento
herewith adjunto, con la presente, con esto
hereby por la presente, por este medio
hereinafter de ahora en adelante
thereof de esto/eso, del mismo, de la misma
thereafter después de eso, a partir de entonces whereby por lo/la/los que, por el cual
whereupon a lo que, después de lo cual, con lo cual
EXERCISE
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate here/there/where compound adverbs:
1.- We enclose ........ two copies of the contract.
2.- Is the property or any part ........ used for commercial activity?
3.- Mr Alan Scott, .................. referred to as the tenant.
4.- They've discovered a ..............unknown species of insect.
5.- Linda married at 16 and gave birth to her first child shortly..........
6.- He told her she was a liar, ............ she burst into tears.
KEY
1.- herewith; 2.- thereof, 3.- hereinafter; 4.- hitherto; 5.- thereafter; 6.- whereupon.
To know more about this type of complex adverbs, you can consult my Gramática Inglesa, 9ª ed., Pearson-Longman, pp. 431-432.
5/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': modismos (ejercicio)
Elige la opción correcta
1. If somebody “joined the great majority”, they
a) died
b) voted for the majority party
c) got married
2 «The year dot» is
a) a long time ago
b) a prosperous year
c) the year the world crisis began
3. If somebody asks you: «What’s the damage?” you probably are
a) a teacher
b) a doctor
c) a waiter
4. If somebody calls you «a square», he’s calling you
a) fat
b) old-fashioned
c) a dirty ol man.
5. If a friend tells you «to shake a leg», he’s asking you
a) to mix him a drink
b) to go to sleep
c) to hurry up
6. If you were left «out on a limb», you’d be
a) delighted to be alone with your girlfriend
b) annoyed because nobody was backing you
c) dead.
7. If you’re at a loose end
a) you’re far from home
b) you have nothing to do
c) you are all by yourself
8. A tall order is
a) a real pleasure
b) a nasty trick
c) somehing very difficult to do
9. If something is not on the cards
a) it isn’t likely to happen
b) it isn’t for sale
c) it’s too dangerous to do
10. If you’re on the ball
a) you’re playing football
b) you’re sound asleep
c) you’re alert
CLAVE
1-a: 2-a; 3-c; 4-b; 5-c; 6-b; 7-b; 8-c; 9-a; 10-c
1. If somebody “joined the great majority”, they
a) died
b) voted for the majority party
c) got married
2 «The year dot» is
a) a long time ago
b) a prosperous year
c) the year the world crisis began
3. If somebody asks you: «What’s the damage?” you probably are
a) a teacher
b) a doctor
c) a waiter
4. If somebody calls you «a square», he’s calling you
a) fat
b) old-fashioned
c) a dirty ol man.
5. If a friend tells you «to shake a leg», he’s asking you
a) to mix him a drink
b) to go to sleep
c) to hurry up
6. If you were left «out on a limb», you’d be
a) delighted to be alone with your girlfriend
b) annoyed because nobody was backing you
c) dead.
7. If you’re at a loose end
a) you’re far from home
b) you have nothing to do
c) you are all by yourself
8. A tall order is
a) a real pleasure
b) a nasty trick
c) somehing very difficult to do
9. If something is not on the cards
a) it isn’t likely to happen
b) it isn’t for sale
c) it’s too dangerous to do
10. If you’re on the ball
a) you’re playing football
b) you’re sound asleep
c) you’re alert
CLAVE
1-a: 2-a; 3-c; 4-b; 5-c; 6-b; 7-b; 8-c; 9-a; 10-c
4/6/14
Preparing for the 'oposiciones': ejercicios fonéticos
EJERCICIO 1
Completar
con palabras que contengan /S/ o /tS/, según convenga:
a) Will you pay c______ or by
_______?
b) Can you do the d______ while I w______ the
clothes?
c) The fisherman wants to c______ a big f______.
d) The
w_______ granted her three wishes.EJERCICIO 2
Indicar cuáles de estas palabras se pronuncian con /g/, cuáles con /dZ/ y cuáles con /Z/:
mirage; target; ginger; virgin; beggar; prestige;
linger; gimlet; suggest; giddy; manage; gimmick; gilt; garage; gypsy; garbage;
beige; bourgeois; giggle; Egypt .
CLAVE
Ejercicio 1
a.- cash/cheque; b.- dishes/wash; c.- catch/fish; d.- witch
Ejercicio 2
/g/ target; beggar; linger; gimlet; giddy; gimmick; gilt; giggle
/dZ/ ginger; virgin; suggest; manage; garage (IBr); gypsy; garbage; Egypt
/Z/ mirage; prestige; garage (IAm); beige; bourgeois.
Para más ejercicios fonéticos, ver mi Manual de Pronunciación Inglesa Comparada con la Española, ed. Comares, pp. 291-299.
3/6/14
Vocabulary of the day: breeds of dog
Breeds of dog:
Afghan (afgano)
Alsatian/German
shepherd (pastor alemán)
basset (hound) (basset)
beagle (podenco)
Belgian sheepdog (pastor
belga)
bloodhound (sabueso)
boxer (bóxer)
bull terrier (bullterrier)
bulldog (bulldog)
chihuahua (chihuahua)
chow/chow chow (chow-chow)
cocker spaniel (cócker)
collie (colie,
pastor escocés)
dachshund/sausage dog (perro salchicha)
Dalmatian (dálmata)
Dobermann (dóberman)
English setter (setter, perro de muestra inglés)
fox terrier (foxterrier)
foxhound (perro raposero)
Great Dane (gran
danés)
greyhound (galgo)
griffon (grifón)
husky (perro
esquimal)
Labrador (Labrador)
mastiff (mastín)
mongrel (chucho, perro mestizo, sin pedigrí)
Newfoundland (dog) (perro de Terranova)
Pekinese (perrito
pequinés)
pit bull (terrier)
(pitbull terrier, bull terrier de pelea)
pointer ( pointer, perro de muestra, perro rastrero)
Pomeranian (lulú)
poodle (perro de lanas)
pug (dog) (doguillo)
retriever (perro cobrador)
rottweiler (rottweiler)
sheepdog (perro
pastor)
spaniel (perro de aguas)
St Bernard (dog) (San
Bernardo )
trackhound (perro
perdiguero)
EXERCISE
What
breeds of dog do the following definitions stand for:
a.- a large hunting dog with a sharp sense of
smell, used for tracking people or animals
b.- a hunting dog that stops with its nose
pointed towards a hunted animal or bird that it has smelt
c.- a type of thin dog with long thin legs that
can run very fast in hunting and esp. in racing
d.- a large long-haired dog used for looking
after sheep or kept as a pet
e.- a fierce-looking dog of German origin,
often used as a guard dog
f.- a small dog with short legs and a long
body, resembling a sausage
g.- a small, fat, short-haired dog with a wide
flat face and a short flat nose
h.- a very large tall dog with smooth hair
i.- a large strong Swiss dog used, esp.
formerly, for helping lost mountain travellers
j.- a dog with thick curling hair often cut in
special shapes, kept as a pet
k.- a type of large short-haired dog that is
white with black spots
l.- a lap-dog with short legs, long silky hair
and a snub nose
KEY
a.- bloodhound; b.- pointer; c.- greyhound; d.-
collie; e.- Dobermann; f.-dachshund/sausage
dog; g.- pug; h.- Great Dane; i.- St Bernard; j.- poodle; k.- Dalmatian; l.- Pekinese